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The browser window is called the container. It is possible to divide the container into several frames and use each frame for displaying a different HTML document. Frames have the following characteristics.
1 Each frame is given a nam
2 Each frame will be targeted by an HTML document.
3 Each frame resizes itself dynamically in response to the change in the size of visible client area.
3.1 frameset definition
A set of frames are defined using the < frameset > tag which ends </ frameset > tag. The < Frameset > tag has two attributes .
1. row or column frame.
2. size of each frame.
The size of the frame are mentioned in any one of the following units:
1. Pixel unit<
2. Percentage unit
3. Fraction unit.
3.1.1 pixel unit
The pixel unit simply represents the number of pixel in each frame. Common must separate the numbers.
For example consider the following
< Frameset cols = " 150,70,70">
...............
.......
.....
< /Frameset >
base definition creates 3 columns wise frames with the first frame of 150 pixel width, second of 70 pixel width and III also of 70 pixel width.
3.1.2 percentage unit
The percentage unit divide the window according to the specified percentages. For example consider the frame set definition.
< Frameset rows =70%,30% >
.............................
.........
...
</Frameset >
in the above definition two row-wise frames are defined in the container. The first frame has 70% of the container and the second one has 30% of the container.
than hundred all percentage are scaled down.a khuda some of the percentage is less than 100 the extra space are left out.
3.1.3 Fraction Unit
Instead of using percentage unit we can use fraction unit to represent the relative size of the frame. Support we give the following:
< Frameset cols = " 4*,4*,*," >
......................
...........
.......
....
</Frameset >
This defines four Kollam wise frames. The first two frames have 4 unit size, and III and IV ones have 1 unit each.So , the frame sizes are 4 / 10, 4/10,1/10,and 1/10 of 5he overall container size.
3.2 frame definition
The definition of the frame is given using the < frame > tag . The < frame > tag May have any of the following attributes:
1 source HTML address (SCR )
2 name of the frame ( Name )
3 Margin width ( marginwidth)
4 Scrolling button ( scrolling )
5 Can it be resized ( noresize )
Example 2.1 banking self helps page
Consider the following frame set definition. Two row-wise frames are defined
< html >
< head >
< title > welcome to the commercial Bank of Budaun
< /title >
< / head >
< Frameset rows = " 45, 55 " >
< frame name = "f1" scr " D:\servlent\Banking\Bank1.html " >
< Prem name = " f2 " scr = " http\\localhost: 8080\servlet\BankSelfHelpServlet" >
< /frameset >
< / html >
3.3 nested framesets
In this section be deal with nested framesets. In the example shown here, first the window is row-wise divided into two frames. The bottom frame is column wise divided further into two frames. The < noframe > tag is also used to communicate suitable message vahan the browser does not support frames.
< html >
< head >
< title >Tutorial on web technology< / title >
</head >
< frameset rows="152,*" >
< frame name = " banner" scrolling ="no" noresize target = "contents " scr = "frameheader.html">
< frameset cols "150,*">
< frame name="contents" target="main" scr= contents.html">
< frame name="main" scr=body.html">
</Frameset>
< noframe >
<body>
<P>this page uses frames, what your browser does not support them.</p>
</body>
</Noframes>
</Frameset>
</html >
3.4 HTML forms
using forms we can design a webpage on which a user can communicate his wish, opinion, suggestion etc.
A form h defined with < form > tag and < / forms > tag . The form tag has three attributes. They are
1 action
2 method
3 enctype
3.4 . 1 action attribute
The falls are used to get the input from the user. The user input submitted to the server.the action attribute inform the browser the location of the server program to which the form input has to be submitted. The server program may be a cgi-perl script, a java Applet or any other server program like JSP,ASP etc.
For example, if you want to a program \cgi-bin\to be executed when the the form is submitted.then we must mention the following attribute value in the <form> tag.
Action = "/cgi - bin/comments.exe"
This means that comments.exe is a file that exists in a directory cgi- bin. The name of the executable program and its location of the directory depends upon the web server. We can also enter a complete URL and host name. FB live of the starting part of the URL, the browser will submit the form to the server, which supplied the form.
3.4.2 method attribute
The method attribute has only two choice of values. They are
method = "get"
method = "post"
this denote the protocol the server uses in implementing the forms features. Usually the value used for method attribute is
method = "post"
This is the recommended protocol. Vidya post,the information from the user is put into the data stream of the http,and the back-end program can read the data h input through the the "standard input" data stream in the case of method= " get" , the data received in the form or place at the end of URL. If the form is very big and gets a number of input, the "get" method causes the URL to be very long. So, the method = "get" option is discouraged.
3.4.3 ENCTYPE Attribute
This attribute is used to inform the server the payoff to handle the encryption process.Usaully it is set to
Application/x-www-form-urlencoded. This is the value is given as
enctype = " application /x-www-form-urlencoded "
3.5 element of a form
In a form there can be saral elements to get the input form the use. They are
1 Selection list
2 Input box
3 Text Area
3.5.1 Selection List Box
A selection list presents a list of options to the user. The user can select choice from the list. The selection list box is created with < select > tag. The definition ends with < / select > tag. The < select > tag has three attributes. They are
1 Name attribute
2 Size attribute
3 Multiple attribute
The name attribute assigns a name for the variable, which will hold the selected choice . For example consider the following:
< select name = " namebox " >
< opinion > Aparna </ opinion >
< Opinion > Nithya </opinion >
< opinion > Priya < / opinion >
< /select >
This creates a selection Box with three choice, Arpana, Nithya and Priya.It is possible to assign a value for each option using value attribute in option tag. This is illustrated below:
< Select name = "namebox" >
< Option value = "1"> Arpana</option >
< Option value = "2" > Nithya</option >
< Option value = "3">Priya</option>
</Select>
in the drop down list be normally select one of the items.there are certain cases in which the user can be given a freedom to select more than one of the options. This is a provided by the multiple attribute in the select tag.
<Select name = townvisited multiple = "multiple">
3.5.2 Input Elements
the input of the user can be given in any of the following GUI elements
1. Checkbox
2. Radio button
3. Text field
4. Password field
5. Hidden field
6. Button
7. Submit button
8. Reset button
The input box is defined using the <input> tag. The type attribute define whether it is a check box radio button etc. The value of this picture
3.5.3 text field and submit button
Consider the following HTML document.
<HTML>
<Head>
</Head>
<Body>
<Form name = "biodata_form">
<H3>enter your age please.</H3>
<Input type = "text" name = "age" >
<Input type = "summit" value= "submit Age ">
</Form>
</Body>
</HTML>
3.5.4 checkbox
the following is a HTML document that shows a form with several checkboxes.
<HTML>
<Head>
</Head>
<Body>
<H3>please select your computer configuration<br></h3>
<h4>
<input type="checkbox"
name= "computer" value ="CPU ITel p4 1.8GHz">Itel p4 1.8GHz<br>
<Input type = "checkbox"
name = "computer" value = "HDD 40 GB " >bade 40GB <HDD<br>
<Input type = "checkbox">
name = "computer" value = "15 inch color monitor"> With monitor<br>
<Input type = "checkbox"
name = "computer" value = "1.4MD FDD" >With FDD<br>
< Input type = "checkbox"
name = "computer" value="CD ROM Drive "With CD ROM Drive<br>
<input type = "checkbox"
name ="computer" value="Printer"<br>
<Input type = "text" name="Order" size="50">
<Input type = "button" name="test" value="order please">
</h3>
</body>
</html>
3.5.5 password field
The following HTML document shows a password field.notice that when a user types the password the corrector are no displayed. The asterisk symbol will be displayed.
<HTML>
<Head>
<Title>authorisation page</title>
</Head>
<Body>
<Former name="my form">
User ID:<input type=text name=id><br>
Password:<input type= password name=password><bri
<Input type= submit value =Go>
</Form>
</Centre>
</body>
</html>
3.5.6 Radio button and text field
Consider the following HTML document
<HTML>
<Head><Title>foreign exchange</title>
</Head>
<Body>
<Form name=" forex form">
<Pre>
Enter the value is rupees
<Input type=text name="rupees">
<Input type=radio name=currency>US dollar
<Input type=radio name=currency> UK pound
<Input type= radio name=currency>Singapore dollar
<Input type =radio name= currency>UAE Dhirams
</Form>
</Body>
</HTML>
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